Morphometric analysis and catch composition of Epinephelus coioides, Caranx ignobilis, and Rastrelliger spp. in North Aceh–Lhokseumawe, Indonesia
Abstract
This study aims to identify the morphometric characteristics and catch composition of grouper (Epinephelus coioides), giant trevally (Caranx ignobilis), and short mackerel (Rastrelliger spp.) in the coastal waters of North Aceh Regency and Lhokseumawe City. The research was conducted at four observation stations using purposive sampling methods. The observed parameters included 23 morphometric characteristics for each species, as well as monthly catch data. Morphometric data were analyzed using the Schindler and Schmid (2006) transformation to determine body shape proportions, while catch data were analyzed descriptively.The results showed that grouper has a robust body shape with a standard length reaching 79.19% of total length, a large head, and long dorsal fins which support its adaptation as a demersal fish. Giant trevally has a long, tall, and muscular body with a standard length of 81.38%, reflecting its characteristics as a fast-swimming pelagic fish in open waters. Short mackerel has a slender and streamlined body with a standard length of 82.97%, in accordance with its nature as a small pelagic fish living in schools within the water column.Catch data from the four stations indicated that short mackerel dominated catches throughout the year, followed by giant trevally, while grouper had the lowest catch numbers. The dominance of short mackerel is related to its schooling behavior and active movement in surface waters, whereas giant trevally tends to be more scattered and grouper is less abundant due to its specific habitat on the seafloor.
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