PEMAHAMAN KONSEPTUAL PECAHAN SISWA SEKOLAH DASAR: TINJAUAN LITERATUR TENTANG MAKNA DAN SUBKONSTRUKSI PECAHAN

Ety Mukhlesiyeni; Maisura Maisura; Nurlaili Nurlaili

doi:10.51179/7get2957

Penulis

Ety Mukhlesiyeni Universitas Almuslim
Maisura Maisura Universitas Almuslim
Nurlaili Nurlaili Universitas Almuslim

DOI:

https://doi.org/10.51179/7get2957

Kata Kunci:

fraction magnitude, area model, conceptual understanding, fraction subconstructs, fraction meanings

Abstrak

Pemahaman pecahan pada siswa sekolah dasar tidak cukup ditunjukkan oleh kemampuan melakukan operasi hitung, tetapi perlu mencakup kemampuan memaknai pecahan melalui berbagai subkonstruksi, representasi, dan hubungan kuantitatif. Tulisan ini bertujuan mensintesis temuan penelitian mengenai pemahaman konseptual pecahan siswa sekolah dasar dengan fokus pada makna pecahan, subkonstruksi pecahan, model luas daerah, partitioning, unitizing, dan fraction magnitude. Penelitian menggunakan Narrative Literature Review dengan penelusuran dan pemilihan sumber secara purposif berdasarkan relevansi terhadap fokus kajian. Literatur dianalisis secara tematik dengan membandingkan konteks, metodologi, bentuk representasi, temuan konseptual, serta kesenjangan penelitian. Sintesis menunjukkan bahwa pecahan perlu dipahami sebagai konstruksi yang saling berhubungan, terutama part-whole, quotient, operator, ratio, dan measure. Model luas daerah efektif untuk membangun hubungan bagian-keseluruhan, tetapi tidak selalu menghasilkan pemahaman besaran pecahan dan transfer ke representasi lain. Temuan juga menunjukkan bahwa siswa dapat benar secara prosedural tetapi keliru dalam memaknai besaran, unit, atau representasi pecahan. Oleh karena itu, pembelajaran pecahan perlu menghubungkan area model dengan partitioning, unitizing, fraction-as-measure, dan fraction magnitude secara eksplisit.

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